Taking Notes Can Be Profitable - Self-Directed Options in a Changing Real Estate Market

As I write this newsletter, the media is hawking theproposition of carrying the property of its operating
slow down in the real estate market. Most of theexpenses for 8 months. The 8.25% return
historically "hot" areas of the country arerepresented a 4.00% higher return than a bank
experiencing a 10% slow down in resales and newcertificate of deposit would have given him. Was
construction permits, with the Midwest being theJohn's option to act as a lender worth the additional
positive exception. If new construction real estaterisk? Well that is for each individual investor to
speculation, based on rapid appreciation, was youranswer. Each investor must apply their own criteria
game plan, you may now be rethinking your strategy.to the evaluation of risk in each investment made.
Perhaps it's time for not just a new strategy but aCase Study 2
new game plan. Here's a thought for you. Instead ofJackie O., a commercial real estate broker and CCIM
buying and selling real estate, what about being thewith Equity Partners, has a client that owns 22 acres
Lender? A new light is being cast on the role of beingalong State Highway 47. The client inherited the land
the Lender instead of the owner of the property.several years earlier and wants to develop the land,
Let's take a look at some of the options being thewith the necessary site improvements, to make the
Lender and holding notes in your IRA or self-directedparcel of land more marketable.
retirement plan.Jackie has $225,000 in her individual 401k. She and her
Case Study 1client, Ari, decide to partner on this project. Jackie
John B., a top producing agent with Coldwell Banker,has two issues to consider when structuring the
has had a long relationship with a small custom buildertransaction. First, her company has strict limitations
that constructs 3 homes a year. The builder haswith regard to agents/brokers partnering with clients
already purchased the land and has his crew onin real estate transactions. Simply put, partnering with
payroll. While it is not an ideal time to be buildingclients is discouraged because of the implied liability to
another "spec" home, he will "trade dollars" if that'sthe company. Second, Jackie's prior experience with
what was required to keep his company viable. He ispartners has not been pleasant. Her previous partners
looking for "cash partner" to complete a home ondid not understand the risks inherent in real estate
one of the lots.investment and very often their expectations often
John has been offered an opportunity to buy theexceeded performance of the investment.
home, but doesn't want to purchase the "spec"Ari wants Jackie as his partner on this deal. Ari trusts
home directly because he believes the marketingJackie and knows her reputation in the real estate
time for the custom home may exceed 6 months.community. He also knows that Jackie's contacts with
John agrees to partner with the builder but not ownthe municipality and local contractors are invaluable.
the property directly. He will act as the constructionHere is the "deal" Ari and Jackie work out:oAri will
or "mezzanine financing" in the transaction. Currentretain ownership and control of the land.oJackie's
construction financing rates are 9.75% from most401k will lend Ari the amount needed for
traditional banks and lenders.development and the site improvement costs.oAn
John and the builder negotiate and agree to a rate ofoutside, unrelated party, will complete the site
8.25. This is substantially more than he could receiveimprovements and handle the necessary municipality
from a money market or CD. They come to anpermits.
agreement on the interest rate but now needed toTwo separate companies, a REIT and big box retailer
iron out the terms of payment.- BlueMart, have approached Jackie about purchasing
John could be paid:omonthly,oquarterly oroin a lumpthe improved parcel of land. Since Ari has no capital
sum when the property sold.to repay the note, Jackie's 401k will write the note
Not surprisingly, the builder opts for the latter andas a "participation note". In other words, Jackie's 401k
John agrees to be paid at closing for all of thewill lend the money in exchange for a percentage of
accumulated interest and repayment of the originalthe profit when the improved parcel is sold and
principle balance. John's attorney drew up the noteJackie's initial 401k loan is repaid. They agree to a
that indicated the note holder as your "Trust15% participation fee.
Administrator", FBO John B. IRA. His attorney asks ifJackie's attorney prepares the 401k note in the name
he wants to collateralize his note by placing a lien onof your "Trust Administrator", FBO Jackie 401k. The
the land with a mortgage. Wanting to maintainnote is secured with a lien/mortgage on the land. Ari's
compliance with IRS guidelines, John contacts ourattorney reviews the documents along with the
office and asks what his options are. The answer isparticipation clause in the note and approves the
that either way, with or without a mortgage, he willtransaction.
still be in compliance with the IRS.Eight months later, the site improvements are
Being a prudent investor, John opts to have acompleted and BlueMart purchases the parcel from
mortgage prepared and recorded with the County.Ari for $2,500,000. Net profit after closing expenses,
One year later, the property sold after being on thecommissions and repayment of Jackie's 401k note of
market for 8 months. John's attorney prepared the$225,000.00 is $2,000.000. Jackie's 401k also receives
payoff letter and proceeds were sent to the IRA$300,000.00 from the title company as repayment of
custodian directly from the title company at closing.the participation agreement in the note. Remember,
John was satisfied with receiving a short term return"taking notes" can be profitable.
of 8.25% on his IRA funds instead of the riskier