The Howey Test (Otherwise Known As Why Private Money Investing Involves the SEC)

Have you ever heard of the the 'Howey' test?2. an expectation of profits arising from
If you want to raise money from private investors3. a common enterprise
to fund real estate investments, you should know4. which depends solely on the efforts of a promoter
what the Howey test is and what it means to you.or third party
J. Howey was a Florida entrepreneur who was sellingWhat this meant for J. Howey, and for all real estate
real estate contracts to finance the development ofinvestors in the future, was that anytime you're
citrus groves that he owned (a sale-leaseback typesearching for investors, no matter if the investor
of deal). Howey was offering people to buy hisgoes on the deed or has a mortgage, if the investor
groves and then he would lease them back - so theis relying on you to make their profits you are
buyer would earn their returns from rents receivedconsidered to be selling a security. The Howey Test
for Howey tending the land.set the standard for securities laws in raising money
So what? Who cares? How does this impact you?for real estate investments.
Read on...Since you're selling a security when you raise private
The issue that the SEC took with J. Howey and hismoney, you must comply with the securities laws.
real estate deal was how he was marketing hisI've found it helpful when raising private money, as
investment opportunity. You see, Howey marketedwell as when I teach real estate investors about
his land sales via promotional materials at the touristraising private money, to go through the basics of
resorts in his area. He promised large profits to thosesecurities laws and how they came to effect us.
who received the sales presentation by expressingHonestly, when you're focused on your financial goals
interest. Most of Howey's buyers were neither(and real estate investing as your vehicle to achieve
residents of Florida nor experienced in farming orthem), nothing should deter you - especially
agriculture.regulations. Once you know the rules of the game,
The SEC (which regulates securities laws for realyou can play it much better.
estate investors) filed a lawsuit against Howey,You should always have a qualified securities lawyer
where they sought an injunction to stop Howeyhelp you with your private money offerings. I have a
from using mail and other means of "interstatetrusted team of professional advisors and my
commerce" in offering what they called the sale ofsecurities lawyer is at the top of the list - and I seek
non-exempt, unregistered security.their counsel often. Never be penny wise and pound
The Supreme Court ruled that Howey was offeringfoolish when it comes to your power team of
an "investment contract" as defined by the Securitiesadvisors.
Act of 1933. As a part of this ruling, the Supreme***This information is intended for educational
Court developed a test to see whether anpurposes only. The contents of this article does not
opportunity constitutes an "investment contract." Thisconstitute legal or tax advice. The author is not
test was called the "Howey Test."rendering any legal, tax or professional advice. Before
An investment contract under the Howey Test wasconducting any business transaction, please consult
defined as follows:proper legal and tax counsel.
1. an investment of money due to