What is a Shareholder Voting Agreement and When Can it be Enforced?

A Shareholder Voting Agreement is a legal contractfor Ben for a seat on the board of directors. In
among shareholders of a corporation relating to theaddition, they also include a provision that if they are
voting of shares. The shareholder voting agreementoutvoted on this matter, they will try to convince
often covers how members of the Board ofthe company to pay Ben less than the other
Directors are to be elected and sometimes coversdirectors.
major corporate events such as mergers andIn this hypothetical, the first part of the agreement is
acquisitions. Venture capital investors often expect avalid because it relates to an issue on which Mike and
shareholder voting agreement to be executed inJessica can vote. They can legally agree, through
connection with their investment in a start upshareholder voting agreement, not to vote for Ben.
company.The second provision cannot be enforced, however,
Voting Agreements are enforceable pursuant toas a shareholder voting agreement because Ben's
state statutes enacted in all 50 states. For example,pay is within the discretion of the board of directors
the pertinent statute of Indiana's State Statutesand will not come up for shareholder vote.
reads: Sec. 2.Voting pools may specify exactly how the
(a) Two (2) or more shareholders may provide forparticipating shares should be voted, or they may
the manner in which they will vote their shares byallow for negotiation and agreement for each
signing an agreement for that purpose.individual issue. Many voting pools include an
(b) A voting agreement created under this section isalternative dispute resolution procedure for reaching
not subject to the provisions of section 1 of thisagreement on such issues.
chapter.Some states require that voting pools follow specific
Often Shareholders may choose to pool their votesguidelines to be valid. These laws may limit the length
for a particular goal. Voting agreements may specifyof a shareholder agreement, or may require that the
that the involved shareholders will vote their sharesshareholders deposit a copy of the agreement with
together or cooperatively. Courts usually upholdthe corporation. If a party to a valid voting
shareholder voting agreements as long as they relateagreement violates the agreement, the other parties
to issues upon which shareholders can vote.may sue the uncooperative party. Courts may
For example, lets say Don and Mike are shareholdersrequire that the dissenting shareholder vote according
of Detric Pesticide, Inc. Let us say that neither ofto the agreement, or they may disqualify violating
them likes Ben, another shareholder, and they wantvotes.
to formally agree that neither of them will ever vote